Understanding and Resolving Bitbucket Push Rejected Errors
Encountering a "push rejected" error in Bitbucket can be frustrating, but it's usually a sign that something is amiss with your local repository or your permissions. These errors prevent you from uploading your changes to the remote repository, hindering collaboration. This article will guide you through common causes and practical solutions.
Common Causes and Solutions
Several reasons can trigger a push rejection. Here's a breakdown with actionable steps:
- Non-Fast-Forward Push: This is often the most frequent culprit. It means the remote repository has commits your local repository doesn't.
- Solution: Before pushing, always pull the latest changes from the remote branch using
git pull origin <your_branch>. This merges remote changes into your local branch, resolving the divergence.
- Solution: Before pushing, always pull the latest changes from the remote branch using
- Permissions Issues: You might not have the necessary permissions to push to the specified branch or repository.
- Solution: Verify your Bitbucket account has write access to the repository. Contact the repository administrator or owner to grant you the appropriate permissions (e.g., "Write" or "Admin"). Check your SSH keys are properly configured and associated with your Bitbucket account. You can verify SSH connection with the command
ssh -T git@bitbucket.org.
- Solution: Verify your Bitbucket account has write access to the repository. Contact the repository administrator or owner to grant you the appropriate permissions (e.g., "Write" or "Admin"). Check your SSH keys are properly configured and associated with your Bitbucket account. You can verify SSH connection with the command
- Branch Restrictions: The repository might have branch restrictions in place, preventing direct pushes to certain branches (e.g.,
mainordevelop).- Solution: If pushing to a restricted branch, create a new branch for your changes (
git checkout -b <new_branch_name>), commit and push to that branch, and then submit a pull request.
- Solution: If pushing to a restricted branch, create a new branch for your changes (
- Pre-Receive Hooks: Bitbucket utilizes pre-receive hooks, which are scripts that run on the server before accepting a push. These hooks can reject pushes based on various criteria, such as code style violations or commit message formatting.
- Solution: Read the error message carefully. It often provides clues about why the hook rejected your push. Address the issue identified by the hook (e.g., fix code style, correct commit message). If unsure, consult the repository documentation or the team responsible for maintaining the hooks.
- Large File Size Limits: Bitbucket has limits on individual file sizes. Pushing files exceeding these limits (typically around 100MB) will result in a rejection.
- Solution: Use Git Large File Storage (LFS) to manage large files. Install Git LFS (
git lfs install), track the large file (git lfs track "<file_pattern>"), and commit and push the changes.
- Solution: Use Git Large File Storage (LFS) to manage large files. Install Git LFS (
Troubleshooting and Prevention
If you're still encountering issues, try the following:
- Review the Error Message: The error message provides crucial details about the rejection reason. Pay close attention to any specific error codes or messages.
- Update Git: Ensure you are using the latest version of Git. Older versions may have compatibility issues.
- Clean Your Repository: Sometimes, a corrupted local repository can cause issues. Try running
git fsck --full --strictto check for errors.
To prevent future push rejections, establish a clear workflow with your team, including regular pulling and adherence to coding standards and branch restrictions. Proper communication and understanding of the repository's rules are key to smooth collaboration.